Clutch and brake mechanism for reversing gearing



Aug. 31, 1926.

J. C. ACARLTON CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM FOR REVERSING GEARING l 3Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 23, 1922 pad Aug. 31,192.6. l f 1,598,581 J.C. CARLTON- CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM FOR REVERSING GEARING Filed March25, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet Aug 31, 1926. 1,598,581

. J. C. CARLTON I CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECAISM FR REVERSING GEARING FiledMarch EL?, 152522 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Aug-31,1926. j j Y-1,598,581

UNITED STATES PATENT ori-ica JACK C. CARLTON, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,ASSIGNOR TO THE CARLTON MACHINE yTOOL COMPANY, Oil? CINCINNATI, OHIO,CORPORATION 0F OHIO.

CLUTCH AND BRAKE MECHANISM FOR REVEBSING GEARING. Application illedIareh 23, 1922. Serial No. 546,137.

My invention "relates to friction clutches brake mechanism for yapplyinga braking of a class particulrly adaptable for the pressure to thecounter rotating transmis- 65 reversing gearing o a radial. drill. sionelements when' transmittingly released An object of the invention is toprovide for neutralizing or reducing the momentum a friction clutch inwhich the driving and of one in advance of transmittingly connectdrivenclutch members', having yfriction disk ing a second in making a rapidreversing brought into rictional cooperation under' a speeds, to avoidclashing of the' gears and determined spring pressure for a yieldinginjury to the parts. 10 automatic couplingy of the clutch parts, andAnother object of my invention is to proto further provide lever meansfor positivevide a very eicient quick change reversing ly retractingvonof'the clutch membersor gear transmission for high speeds with the.0B unelutehing.l y elements compactly combined.

Another object of the invention is to Other objects and advantagesrelate to l5 mount the clutch mechanism as a unit upon the utilizationof the clutches for reversing a tubular spindle, having its oppositeends gearing mechanism, for alternately transmitjournaled in ballbearings, with a power tingly connecting a set of reversing gears, 70transmitting shaft extended through the with the clutches and reversinggears mountsleeve' and splined thereto, for allowing ed upon a sleeve orspindle, all of which will 20 translation of the s indle and relatedmechbe more fully set orth in the description lof anism longitudinallyof the shaft. the accompanying drawings, orming a Another object of theinvention is to propart of this specification, in .which draw- 75 vide afriction clutch in which the driving ings like reference charactersdenote correand driven clutch members are adapted to sponding artsthroughout the several 5 frictionally cooperate compressively, theviews, of w ich: v

compression force being applied by a plu- Figure 1 is a central verticalsection of rality of-springs, having their axes extendmy improvedreversing gearing. B0 ing longitudinally with the direction of tlie.-lFigurev Qris a toplplan view thereof, porrlutch compression motion, thesprings betions of the casing housing beino' broken .o ing disposed `inequipoise about the axis of away to expose the gearing therewit in.

the clutch member, for a centralized -coin- Figure 3 is a section online 3-3, Fig. 2. pression and movement of the member, both Figure 4 isa section on line 4 4, FigQl. a5 roi atively and translatively. Figure 5is a section on line 5-5, Fig. 1.

Another object of the invention is to pro- Referring to the drawings, lindicates a 5 ride a friction clutch in which the clutch casing housingor the gearing and provides members, tor rotative connection, arecomsupport and bearings for the various shafts.

ot springs housed within the hub ot one of for identification purposes,may be desigthe clutch members, as a slidable member nated as a drivingshat and, since the gear- 0 and controlled by one. or more levers alsoing has special application to a radial drill, housed and mounted withinthe hub of said' as the horizontal arm shaft for transmitting member,the levers actuated by a collar sl'idmotion to a drill spindle.journaled within ay 05 able upon the hub ot said member, theorhead-stock. The shaft under such condition gaiiization producing avery compact strucextends parallel with the drillarm, and the ture.head-stock is translatable upon the arm with Another object ot'theinvention is to piothe reversing gear as a part of theJ headi'ide apertectly balanced friction clutch, stock adjustable upon the arm. Thisnecesl( adapted for high speeds, in which the clutch sitates a splinedconnection between the ehnnents are engaged under a yielding comshaft 2and the driven elements directly oo n- 0 pression, so as to slide uponone another iieeting therewith as a means for maintains. I ing a drivingconnect-ion between the parts .\nother object ot the invention is toproat any adjusted position ot' the head-stock l iide :r reversing geartransmission with a upon the drill arm. Therefore, the inven- Caielements interposed -therebetweem are .transmission change, especiallyunder high $0` pressively brought together by the pressure A. shait 2projects through the casing which noy lKeys extending` approkimately theentire 10 1 s eeve length', presents a small internal diamor casing by aco'llarv17.

sleeve member upon the sleeve 4 an keyed thereto by the keys 19-19- (seeF ig. 5), rotatively con- This sleeve ength of the shaft, K a justmentof the gearing longitudinally upon the shaft. ft extends freely t roughthe casing and is suitably Journaled bea-ringsnot shown.

aving its opposite side face tudinal grooves in the sleeveconcentricallagainst a friction plate annulus 22. This -disposed about the shaft andjournaled withannulus bears against the gear 10 and is in bearingscarried bythe casino Asshown,'keyed upon the gear, the gear hub beingsleeve, intermediate of the provided with a plurality of teeth engaginginto corresponding notches cut into .the annulu's. The'friction rings21, 1n their series relation, are in alternate arrangement respectivelykeyed to the gear annular flange of the .hub clutch member or sleevel18. e annular ange of the clutch internally and the hub! of the gear asa companion clutch 1 lugs or ribs 5, grooving the inteportion of thesleeve, the ribs of ft extendingl into the tobe longitudinally adjustedor translated ing bearings'for th v bearing fixtures are recessedrespectively into the ends of bearing collars 7, eng respectively intothe opposite ends of the to the casing concentrinext adjacent disk iskeyed to the hub of the gear, these friction disks comprising metal iskshaving fiber disks faces, a type of friction disks commercial form welllclaim being made p or employment of ment y nuts 8` g dis t threaded'engagement with the ends lof the sleeve 4. e sleeve is counter-turnedto of provide shoulders for the various parts cl mounted up .to hold thesame against lateral displacement inwardly.

respectively havin@ pocketcarries a spring 24, one end thereof earingagainst the base of the pocket for exerting pressure -against the ber 18and theopposite end of the spring caring against thesleeve adjacent toand abutting the a caring fixture 6. The spring is insertder compressionto a degree which will 8 toward the terposed provide b 13,'of the sidewall 14 of the casing. The gear 11 is keyed upon the end of a shaft 15,which esignated as a driven shaft.- of the ball-bearing fixture isseated upon the counterturned end of t e secured thereto againstdisplacement by a collar 16, and the fixture is secured against lacementWithin the hub 13,01 the frame The gears 9 and 0 are adapted to bealternately clutched to t 1e sleeve by friction clutches.

of the friction membei` 18 with the gear, under a pressure foradetermined drivingpower transmission. This the clutc tol yield, tweensaid clutch wh' h transmission or counter-resistance to the ri-ven gear11 and its The clutches related transmission mechanism.

allowing slippage beand L friction mem adisk 25. mounted upon structurepermits 125 The. spring construction provides for an automatic frictionconnection between the driving and driven elements when the clutchmember 18 is released to permit it to be moved by the pressure of thesprings, so that the springs move the clutch member 18 automatically toan active position. Mechanical means are provided for releasing thefriction clutch from its power transmitting connection by moving themember 18 in an opposite direction to a neutral position. The means formoving the clutch member 18 to its neutral 'position comprises a seriesof cams or cam levers 26,- three being employed, uniformly disposed andspaced about'ffhe 4clutch member 18. These cam levers are mounte withinradial grooves or slots cut into the clutch member 18 to dispose thelevers within'the peripheryof the clutch member. Each cam lever ispivoted upon a pin 27, engaged into the body of the elutchmember 18 andis provided with a cam projection 28, engaging a pin 29, extendedthrough the clutch member 18, parallel with the axis of said lclutchmember and abutting a disk 30, shouldered upon the Ysleeve 4, wherebythe disk 30 provides an abutment for pins 29', and cam levers 26 formoving the clutch member 18 laterally or axially upon the sleeve in anoutward or .clutch releasing direction. The cam levers move the clutchmember in opposition to the springs. The cam levers 'are rocked by acollar 31, loosely concentrically mounted upon the periphery of the bodyportion of the clutch `member 18, so as to be slidable axially thereonfor engaging the nose ends 32, of the cam levers 26, to swing the sameinwardly, as shown in the clutch at the right in Fig. 1, for a clutchrelease.' A clutching operation is accomplished by moving the collar '31to the left, and this movement for a determined distance will bring thecollar 31 to a point which will uncover the nose end 32`, of the camlevers, releasing or disengaging said leversfrom the collar 31, andallowing the levers to swing ptwardly, as shown in the clutch at theleft,

1g. 1. of the cam levers are angled or flattenedv for a free cooperationwith the inner bored surface of the clutch actuating collar Y31, saidclutch actuating collar 31 simultaneously actuating all of the camlevers 26 of the series. The clutch actuating collar 31, for the clutchmechanism of; gear 9, and the clutch actuating collar 31 for the clutch.mechanism of the gear 1 0, are connected together for simultaneouslymoving' the collarsY to produce an alternate control for the frictionclutches, so that the gears 9. and 10 are alternately connected anddisconnected, rendering vit impossible to frictionally connect bothgears to the sleeve simultaneously. The mechanism, however, is of sucharrange- The edgesurfaces of the nose end ment as to permitboth-,clutches to be rei tegral with the casing 1.4 The arm 38 has itsend forked .to engage a pin projection 41, depending from the block 42,fixed tothe rod 36. `Thus any swinging movement of the arm 38v willcorrespondingl move the rod 36 and shifter col1ars`31 for simulta- I 'lneous control of the clutches in alternate capacities, for iconnectingone ofthe oppositely disposed bevel gears, transmittingly with thesleeve 4. The clutch members 18 of the two alternately operable clutchesbeing both moved to their 'operative positions by the springs 23, itwill be apparent that it would be detrimental if the clutch `members 18were permitted to be simultaneously released from the cam lever control,as this would permit both clutches to be in operative positions at thesame time. The shifter collars 31 cooperate with their respective camlevers within the limits of shifter movement, to a degree which will notpermit simultaneous release of the cam lever of both clutches. Theshifter collars, t erefore, are, at the intermediate position of theirtranslatable movement, engaged with their respective sets of camlevers,"thus` releasing the clutch member 18l of each clutch to'maintain both clutches in neutral or disengaged position.

The slide or shifter collars move transverselyto the swing of the camlevers, and the lever ends arethus adapted' to swing about one end ofthe collar when disengaged therefrom. Vhen thus disengaged and swung,the levers act as latches substantially opposing accidental movement oftheI collars by the clutch springs of the opposite clutch member. lVhenthe ea'm levers of both clutches are simultaneously engaged anddepressed by their collars, the springs are in equilibrium and bothclutches are inoperatively sustained.

The block 42, fixed upon the shifter' rod 36, on one side is providedwtha V-notcli, .intowhieh the spring actuated detent 44 engages,`fo rreleasably latching the rod in its mid-way or neutral clutch controllingposition. The dctcnt 44 is slidably mounted in a bracket 45, extendedfrom the cover plate -46 of the casing.

provide brake rims for their respective gearsabout which a brake strapor band 51 is taneously disengage both clutches, and it is unnecessaryto lock the shifting mechanism at limits of its clutch controllingmovement.

It has been experienced that the disks of a friction disk clutch of thetype herein employed have a tendency to adhere to one' another, thusfailing to quickly retract from their transmitting engagement with eachother and therefore continue to influence the rotation of the drivenelement, also in high speed transmission, the driven element whenreleased continues to revolve under its own momentum. This would bedetrimental to the gearing in a, reversing device if a change from onedirection tothe reverse Was made before the power of the`releasedreversing` gears was neutralized. Braking mechanism is thereforeprovided for the reversing gears operative with the clutch control forapplying a braking pressure to the gears as the clutch controllingmechanism moves into its neutral position. This holds the reversinggears or driven membersagainst rotation and causes an immediate'yseparation of the clutch disks, so that a reversing control can bequickly. made without injury to the parts. In the present structure asingle brake band is employed for braking bevel gears 9 and 10, possibleby reason. of their adjacently disposed, hubs, the brake strap or bandbeing central thereof to overlap and engage with the hubs of both gears.The hubs of bevel gears 9 and 10 are provided with annular anges 50respectively` housing the gear spacing washers. on the spindle or sleeve4. The flanges adapted to be engaged. The brakeband is provided with alining 52 for engaging the hub rims of the gears 9 and 10. The oppositeends of the band are loopedto provide eyes for connecting the band endsas at 53, 54, to rock lever 55. The rock "lever is recessed or notchedto receive the ends of the vbrake band and carries pins 56 engagedlrespectively through the eyes of the band. The band connection with thelever is arranged'to move the band ends in Aopposite directions t'oreduce the lever motion for the braking operations. This arrangement ofbrake band ends relative to the pivot of the block is well known.

of lbearing plates 58 at opposite sides of the brake lever, combined asa cross frame having its opposite ends fixed to the casing andstraddling the brake rims of the gears, providinga very substantialsupport for the brake lever.- The free. end of the brake lever has anadjusting screw transversely projecting therethrough engaging with theblock 42, of the clutch shifting rod 36. The block is designed to serveas a cam providing a central apex 59 developed from op- -ing with saiddriving The brake lever 55 is lpivoted upon a pin 57 supported in a pair'second without interveningly applying the brake to the gears, forarresting the transmitting 4 inertia of either one of them.Quielglyarrestingmthe inertia of the gears results in'settingup-alcounter influence between `the opposing disks of the clutch,effecting a clutch disk separation between those of a series as drivingfrom those of a series as driven. Having described my invention, Iclaim:

1. Ina device of the class described, a housing, a sleeve havingrotative bearing in relatively opposite sides of the housing, a drivingshaft freely translatable through said sleeve and rotatably connectedtherewith, driving gears rotatable upon said sleeve, clutch elements slidable `upon said sleeve and cooperable with said gears for alternatelyclutching the same to the sleeve, inwardly directed adjacently disposedbrake drums forming extensions vof said gears, a brake band surroundingsaid drums, a block pivoted to said housing, the ends of said brake bandattached to said block eccentric of the pivot of the block,'a shifterrod slidable in said housing and a cam fixed centrally on said shifterrod' engagea-ble with said pivotetl block to rock said block and causesaid band to frictionally engage said drums when bothA gears areunclutched from the sleeve, v l

2.'In a device 'of the class described, a housing, a sleeve rotative insaid housing, a shaft freely translatable through said sleeve androtatably connected therewith, driving gears rotatable upon said sleeve,each gear having a brake drum, 'said drums adjacently d-isposed, a'driven gear meshgears, clutch members splined to said sleeve,-cooperable clutch disks keyed respectively to said gears and members,grooved shifter collars, slidable upon said members, slidablepns in saidmembers abutting said sleeve, cams housed .within said members andcooperable respectively with said slidable pins and shifter collars,means engaged with. the. grooves of said collars for alternatelyshiftingthe collars, said means comprising a shifter shaft slidable inv saidhousing, arms attached to said shaft engageable with the grooves of saidcollars, a lever for reciprocating saidv jacently disposed drums of saiddriving gearsa block pivoted to said housing having ends of said bandattached thereto eccentric to its pivot, said cam engageable With saidblock for causing the band to frictionally engage said drums when saidgearsare unclutched.

3. In a device of the class described, a housing having oppositelydisposed bearings, a sleeve journaled at its opposite ends in saidbearings, a driving shaft freely translatable through said sleeve androtatably connected therewith, driving gears rotatable upon said sleeve,having inwardly directed adjacently disposed brake drums, a blockpivoted to said housing' a brake band surrounding said drums, tle ends'of said band eccen- `trically attached to said block with respect to itspivot, a shifter rod slidable in said housing, a cani upon said rodengageable With said pivoted block for rocking said block to cause saidband to engage both brake drums when said shifter rod is in neu` tralposition. t

4. In a device ofthe class described' a housing, a sleeve rotatable inthe housing, a driving shaft traversing and splined to the sleeve,driving gears rotatable upon the sleeve, clutch elements slidable uponthe sleeve, and cooperable with the gears for alternately clutching thesame to the sleeve,

tionally engage said drums when both gears are unclutched from thesleeve.

5. In a device of the class described, a casing, a sleeve journaled atits opposite ends Within said casing, a shaft slidably engaged throughsaid sleeve and in transmitting connection therewith, opposing bevelgears journaled upon said sleeve and having adjacent drums, anintermediate bevel gear connecting said opposing bevel gears forrotating a driven shaft, clutches, one for each of said opposing gearsfor respectively connecting the same to said sleeve, an actuator forsaid clutches, and a brake band engaging the drums of said bevel gearsand controlled by said actuator for applying the brake to the drums whenthe sai/d actuator is in a neutral clutch controlling position.

. In Witnesswhereof, I hereunto subscribe my naine.

JACK C. CARLTON.

